This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window). Between 1403 and 1405, grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. Henry IVs second son was called Thomas but he was killed in 1421 at the Battle of Bauge in France. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. Bedford defeated the French several times, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. Other resolutions: 206 240 pixels | 412 480 pixels | 659 768 pixels | 878 1,024 pixels | 1,757 2,048 pixels. Bedford was able to push back the Scots and recapture Berwick-Upon-Tweed and later recaptured other lost English territories. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. 3950. Bolingbroke was crowned King of England, as Henry IV, on 13 October 1399. Her eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became Queen consort of England as the spouse of Edward IV in 1464. The French felt there was a world of difference between a mature victorious king and a baby boy they perhaps had a point given the chaos that often resulted in England when a child was on the throne. All are lavishly decorated and famous examples of the style of the period. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. 1389-1435. Half brother of Edmund Labourde, "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his wife, Anne, daughter of John the Fearless of Burgundy. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his first wife Anne. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Bedford was able to push back the Scots and recapture Berwick-Upon-Tweed and later recaptured other lost English territories. Johns time in France had been successful the French might not have been his greatest admirers given his severe administration techniques- until about 1427 at which point a quiet country girl with a dodgy hair cut, a large sword and angels telling her what to do rather rained on his parade. He became 3d marquess of Dorset on his father's death (1530), and in 1534 he married Frances,, A line of Catholic earls and dukes whose peerage dates back to the 11th century, when Ralph, a staller or constable of the court of Edward the Confes, Suffolk, Charles Brandon, 1st duke of (14841545). However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422 and 1432, where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. John , duke of Bedford (13891435), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Oct 2007 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14844, accessed 1 Nov 2009]document.write(printCitationDate()). He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. London: Scott, Clevelands, Walthamstow, 1876), FHL book Q 929.242 Sco84sk., p. 170. ., La Chesnaye-Desbois, Franois Alexandre Aubert de, (3rd edition. He had no legitimate surviving issue. 19 volumes. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389-14 September 1435) was the third son of Henry IV of England and brother to King Henry V of England.He was one of the leading English commanders during the Hundred Years' War.. Bedford was declared Regent of France, his nephew technically being heir to the throne of that country as well as to the Kingdom of England. Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of (1389-1435). [S6] G.E. Stargardt, 1953-1978), FHL book 940 D5f; FHL microfilms 251,160 items 1-3., vol. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. Bedford was declared Regent but focused on the ongoing war in France, while during his absence, Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign . John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. Refusing to surrender to be ransomed, Edward was killed with his men. In 1431, Bedford had Joan tried and executed at Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI at Paris. "The Tomb of Anne of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, in the Muse du Louvre". In 1399, his father deposed King Richard II and crowned himself as King Henry IV. While he was in France his duties in . He was forced to raise the siege of Orleans in 1429 on account of the peasant girl. File:Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. Much of the period of Henry VIs minority is filled with the political machinations of John and Humphrey who was created Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Pembroke. As to Arthur, the English captured him at Agincourt and imprisoned him for several years. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. By the late 1420's, however, the French, under the guidance of the new King Charles VII and a young girl named Joan of Arc, began to fight back furiously. John died on 14 September 1435 at age 46 at Castle of Joyeux Repos, Rouen, Caux, France, without legitimate surviving issue. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. 3 p. 842. After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. He was able to defend himself successfully, but, by 1432, he was in decline. John of Lancaster was born in Rouen, Normandy on 20 June 1389, the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun. Georgette Heyer wrote the book My Lord John about him from when he was four to about twenty. http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, 20. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1999), FHL book 973 D2fp., p. 205 LANCASTER:10.iv. Pernoud, Rgine. The throne was inherited by the nine-month-old infant son of the former king, Henry VI. Jacquetta of Luxembourg was well-educated and so loved books that the Duke of Bedford bequeathed her his library. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. Husband of Anne de Burgundy and Jacquetta of Luxembourg, Countess Rivers He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1 as Duke of Bedford. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. However it fell to John to continue the English campaign in France despite the fact that he had been named Regent. Each of the brothers wanted more power than the other. The king renewed the Hundred Years War with France in 1415 and Bedford played a large part in the proceedings in support of his brother. She caused a scandal after Johns death by marrying a mere knight called Richard Woodville. In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. Mowbray was created earl of Nottingham on succeeding to his elder brother's lands in 1383, and receiv, John of Lignres, or Johannes de Lineriis, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. Henry V had relied upon John when he was away fighting to rule in his absence. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. [6][a] The couple were happily married, despite being childless. Duke of Bedford. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", "Anne, of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, 1404?1432", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, "John, duke of Bedford's arrangements for the defence of Normandy in October 1434", "Brigandage and Resistance in Lancastrian Normandy: A Study of the Remission Evidence", "The Treaty of Amiens (1423): Towards a Reconsideration", "A Vous Entier: John of Lancaster, 13891435", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford&oldid=1126474769, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from December 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2015, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 14:50. http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I1123&tree=E http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I10386&tree= http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I197520&tree http://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/bedford.htm, http://www.thepeerage.com/p10187.htm#i101867. Contents 1 Life account 2 In literature 3 Titles, styles, honours and arms 3.1 Arms 4 Ancestry 5 References He continued to build up his influence and position in government throughout the remainder of his father's reign. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. How to say John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford in English? Yolandes grandson became Louis VII of France and her grand-daughter was Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of Henry VI of England whose mother Catherine of Valois was Charless sister. Bedford died during the congress of Arras in 1435, just as Burgundy was preparing to abandon the English cause and conclude a separate peace with Charles VII of France. Relevance. Pronunciation of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford with and more for John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Chipps Smith, Jeffrey (1984). He was born in 1389. He was an extremely important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the Bedford Master and his workshop) and England. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. About John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI." Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. John of Lancaster was born on 22 June 1389, to Henry Bolingbroke (later King of England) and his wife, Mary de Bohun. The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. The shield is surrounded with a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). 2 p. 63-64. John's eldest sibling was Henry of Monmouth, later King of England as Henry V. John's other siblings were Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; Philippa; and Blanche. . Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. He dies while sitting in a chair at Rouen, just after he hears the patriotic screams of his fellow countrymen. It is unlikely anyone else put in his station could have done any better. Throughout his life he identified himself with his brother's policies, especially in pursuing English claims to the French throne. The Bretons were so moved by the impoverished state of Jeans son Jean II that Nicole de Chtillon-Blois married him on 18 June 1437, bringing a large dowry that was vastly supplemented when she inherited the fabulously wealthy County of Penthievre in Brittany. [3], John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg.[4]. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage. After his release, Arthur persuaded his brother Duke John of Brittany to sign a peace treaty with England, but when the English denied Arthur his patrimony, the Earldom of Richmond, he reverted to the French cause and proceeded to undermine the English war strategy by arranging the Treaty of Arras whereby Burgundy changed sides. After the Percies (the family that had played the biggest role in putting Henry on the throne) unsuccessfully rebelled against the king in 1403, John, along with many others, shared in the spoils they left behind and considerably increased his wealth. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Ms Add 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regentof Francefor his nephew Henry VI. The Oxford Companion to British History. He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. 1435 . In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. [citation needed], Several authoritative sources are cited by the. Duke of Bedford (named after Bedford, England) is a title that has been created six times (for five distinct people) in the Peerage of England. [S32] #150 [1879-1967] A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, Together with Memoirs of the Privy Councillors and Knights (1879-1967), Burke, Sir John Bernard, (London: Harrison, 1879-1967), FHL book 942 D22bup., 1967 ed. John died in 1435 during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, near Henry the Young King. He was an important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the "Bedford Master" and his workshop) and England. Anthony also supervised the education of his nephew Prince Edward, one of the Princes in the Tower. Error rating book. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Partner of NN NN, Mistress or Mistresses Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, 14. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. 2nd edition, 2011), vol. His father, Henry Bolingbroke, was exiled in 1399 by his cousin, Richard II, when his father participated in the revolt of the Lords Appellant in 1388, the year before his birth. He became the guardian of Henry's infant son Henry VI and became regent on his behalf. All are lavishly decorated and famous examples of the style of the period. In 1562, his grave was destroyed by Calvinists. Contents 1 Life account 2 Family 3 Succession 4 In literature 5 Titles, styles, honours and arms 5.1 Arms 6 Ancestry 7 References The Oxford Companion to British History. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the Royal arms of his father King Henry IV, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France. He married Jacquette de Luxembourg (c1415-1472) 1433 JL All are lavishly decorated and are good examples of the style of the period. His mother died when he was just five. In reality, it was the Earl of Westmorland who talked down the rebels. The last impression one is given of Bedford by Shakespeare is a fairly positive one: he is a loyal servant of the crown who gave his life for his king, cause and country. Her name was Joan of Arc. pp. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422 and 1432, where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham [6] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. Catherine of Valois or Catherine of France (27 October 1401 - 3 January 1437) was Queen of England from 1420 until 1422. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage, Volume XIV. He was born in 1389. . His demise further weakened the stability of the English court where opposing and increasingly vociferous factions now had no one sufficiently intimidating to hold them in check. John was the third son and he was followed by Humphrey. 189 related topics. John's eldest sibling was Henry of Monmouth, later King of England as Henry V. John's other siblings were Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; Philippa; and Blanche. Oxford: John Johnson, 1928), FHL book Q 929.242 W159w; FHL microfilm 1696491 it., vol. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict.